China's Carbon Fiber
Penyelidikan mengenai industri gentian karbon di China boleh dikesan sejak tahun 1960-an.
However, until 2000, the industrialization of carbon fiber has not been realized, and due to the long-term development of carbon fiber preparation technology in China, various research units gradually began to have insufficient confidence. RD personnel from all walks of life have avoided the word "carbon fiber". At this time, it is the most difficult trough period for the localization and research and development of carbon fiber materials.
Berlatarkan latar belakang ini, Encik Shi Changxu, seorang saintis strategik dan ahli akademik Akademi Sains China dan Akademi Sains China, memimpin dalam membincangkan perindustrian gentian karbon pada tahun 2000.
At the beginning of 2001, the teacher sent a "request report on accelerating the development of high-performance carbon fiber" to the Party Central Committee. In October 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China decided to set up a special project on carbon fiber key technologies, code-named 304 special project.
Sejak itu, China secara rasmi memasuki laluan pantas penyelidikan bebas dan pembangunan gentian karbon...
Bagaimanakah gentian karbon menjadi popular di luar negara?
Pada penghujung abad ke-19, British Joseph Swan dan Amerika Thomas Edison mencipta filamen karbon untuk mencari filamen mentol yang lebih baik. Walaupun filamen karbon ini telah digantikan oleh filamen tungsten yang lebih murah pada masa itu, bahan gentian berkarbonisasi ini kini dianggap sebagai produk tunas terawal gentian karbon.
Edison
Dalam perkembangan sejarah seterusnya, filamen karbon sentiasa dianggap sebagai kegagalan pengoptimuman filamen, dan tidak mendapat perhatian dalam industri dan pengeluaran.
Until that magical organization, NASA, appeared on the stage of history, this new type of aerospace material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and low density was reconnected to modern civilization and was named "carbon fiber".
Just as diapers, air-cushioned shoes, and dehydrated vegetables have all moved from NASA to the civilian field, carbon fiber, as the "new love" found by NASA in the material industry, is naturally valued by various companies to see if it can be the first. A person who eats crabs is the first to seize the market and make a fortune.
As a result, the United Carbon Compound Company UCC entered the carbon fiber development industry, and in 1959 developed the world's first listed viscose-based carbon fiber material Thornel-25.
Pada masa itu, semasa Perang Dingin antara Kesatuan Soviet dan Amerika Syarikat, pelbagai perlumbaan senjata berlepas. Jika anda mempunyai kapal terbang, saya akan pergi ke alam semesta, dan jika anda pergi ke alam semesta, saya akan pergi ke bulan. Sebagai bahan dengan prestasi cemerlang dalam bidang aeroangkasa dan ketenteraan, gentian karbon juga telah digunakan secara meluas.
Lelaki pertama di bulan: Armstrong
Oleh kerana Amerika Syarikat memerlukan, maka terdapat Jepun buatan.
At that time, Japan, as the largest "trophy" of the United States in World War II, also began active research on carbon fiber.
In fact, UCC's Thornel-25 is actually not perfect. The technological name of carbon fiber was synonymous with banknotes in the 1950s. According to the price of gold at that time, carbon fiber of the same quality was more expensive than gold. The high cost of proper black gold became the biggest pain point of carbon fiber at that time.
Pada tahun 1961, Akio Shinto dari Makmal Perindustrian Osaka berjaya mencipta teknologi untuk menyediakan gentian karbon berasaskan polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-.
Shinto Akio
Sebelum ini, hasil pengkarbonan gentian berasaskan viscose-NASA adalah agak rendah, hanya 20 peratus . Iaitu, selepas 100 kg gentian berasaskan viscose-dikarbonkan, hanya 20 kg gentian karbon boleh diperolehi.
Menurut formula molekul viscose, bahagian atom karbon adalah kira-kira 44 peratus, tetapi dalam proses pengkarbonan, separuh daripada atom karbon bertindak balas dengan oksigen, hidrogen dan nitrogen. Ini juga menyebabkan prestasi gentian karbon-berasaskan viscose yang lebih rendah, yang tidak memuaskan.
Akio Jindo menggunakan PAN untuk mempunyai ciri-ciri kestabilan terma selepas pra-pengoksidaan, iaitu, semasa proses pengkarbonan, aktiviti kimia atom karbon gentian PAN tidak tinggi, dan atom karbon boleh menjadi baik. dikekalkan.
Facts have proved that Kondo Akio's judgment is correct. The carbonization yield of the process route he developed is between 50-60 percent , and the performance is far superior to viscose-based fibers. The conversion rate has risen, and the price has naturally fallen. Since then, PAN has quickly replaced viscose-based carbon fibers. Now the share of viscose-based carbon fibers is less than 10 percent , while PAN-based carbon fibers account for more than 80 percent of the share.
Dengan teknologi-penyediaan tangan pertama bagi prekursor poliakrilonitril, Toray telah berjaya berada di barisan hadapan dalam penyediaan gentian karbon.
Subsequently, in 1971, Japan's Toray Company (Toray, English name 'Toray Industries, Inc) cooperated with United Carbon Compounds of the United States to produce T300 carbon fiber, and achieved mass production of 1 ton/month at that time.
Subsequently, Toray Company continued to upgrade the quality of carbon fiber along the T300, T800, T1000, and pioneered the addition of carbon fiber materials to sporting goods such as rackets, fishing rods, golf clubs, etc., which became a sought-after product in the sporting goods industry. Japan's Toray also rose to fame, becoming the world's largest manufacturer of carbon fiber materials.